
Sending a letter via the United States Postal Service (USPS) is a straightforward process.
The USPS was established in 1775, making it one of the oldest postal services in the world.
To send a letter, you'll need to address the envelope correctly, which includes writing the recipient's name and address in the center of the envelope.
A standard envelope size is 3.5 x 6.5 inches, but you can use larger or smaller envelopes for special occasions.
The USPS recommends using a clear and legible handwriting style to ensure the address is easily readable by automated sorting machines.
Types of Mail
To send a letter through the mail, you'll need to understand the basics of what makes a letter eligible for standard postage. Letters must be rectangular in shape.
A standard-sized rectangular envelope is the most common type of mail, and the cost for a first-class stamp starts at $0.73.
To give you a better idea of what's considered standard, here are the exact dimensions: at least 3½ inches high x 5 inches long x 0.007 inch thick, and no more than 6⅛ inches high x 11½ inches long x ¼ inch thick.
However, if your letter has a non-machinable characteristic, such as being square or unusually shaped, you'll need to pay extra postage.
Postcards
Postcards are a great way to send a quick message, and the good news is that they're relatively inexpensive. The cost of a postcard stamp starts at $0.56 for standard-sized, rectangular postcards.
To qualify as a postcard, your mail piece must meet specific dimensions. It must be rectangular, at least 3½ inches high x 5 inches long x 0.007 inch thick, and no more than 4¼ inches high x 6 inches long x 0.016 inches thick.
If your postcard doesn't meet these dimensions, it will be considered a letter and you'll need to pay the letter postage rate, which starts at $0.73 for oversized postcards.
Letters
Letters can be a bit tricky to mail, but don't worry, I've got the lowdown.
To be eligible for mailing at the price for letters, a letter must be rectangular, at least 3½ inches high x 5 inches long x 0.007 inch thick, and no more than 6⅛ inches high x 11½ inches long x ¼ inch thick.

If your letter meets these dimensions, you can mail it with a standard-sized, rectangular envelope stamp, which starts at $0.73.
Letters with non-machinable characteristics, like being square or unusually shaped, will pay a non-machinable surcharge. This is because mail pieces like these often jam postal equipment and are difficult to process.
Here's a quick rundown of the postage costs for letters:
Special Mail Requirements
Sending a letter internationally requires a special postage stamp, whereas domestic letters can be sent with a regular Forever stamp.
The cost of delivering international letters is higher, which is why the USPS requires a higher amount of postage.
You can't just use one regular Forever stamp for international letters, you need a higher amount of postage specifically for international mail.
To mail a letter overseas, you'll need to purchase an international First-Class Postage Stamp, which covers the higher delivery cost.
US Mail Basics
Mailing has to do with sending letters and postcards around 1 ounce. You can send a letter using a stamp.
Shipping refers to sending goods inside of a parcel or bubble mailer. You can only ship parcels by buying the proper amount of postage on a shipping label.
Shipping labels come with full tracking numbers, which First-Class mail service doesn’t provide. This means you can keep tabs on where your package is at all times.
Examples of Non-Machinable
As you start mailing out letters, it's essential to know what makes a letter non-machinable. A non-machinable letter is one that can't be processed by automated machines at the post office.
A letter with an aspect ratio of less than 1⅓ or more than 2½ is considered non-machinable. This means if you're using a square envelope, it won't work.
Letters that are more than 4¼ inches high or 6 inches long and less than 0.009 inch thick are also non-machinable. This is a pretty specific measurement, so make sure to double-check.
Letters with clasps, strings, buttons, or similar closure devices are also non-machinable. This is because machines can't handle these types of closures.
Letters that are too rigid or contain items like pens, pencils, or keys that create an uneven thickness are also non-machinable. This can cause problems during processing.
Here are some specific examples of non-machinable letters:
- Square envelopes
- Letters with clasps or strings
- Letters with uneven thickness due to pens, pencils, or keys
Key Takeaways
Sending letters is a straightforward process, and you can do it by visiting the post office or from home. You'll need to buy and maintain printing and mailing supplies, and you'll also have to pay extra for tracking.
The Universal Postal Union (UPU) coordinates postal services among its member nations and designs policies and postal rates for domestic and international mail.
You can send letters in bulk, but using the traditional method can be a hassle, involving back and forth and no insight into performance or delivery.
PostGrid's letter API is a convenient alternative, automating the printing and mailing of letters and letting you track delivery.
You can send as few as one or as many as hundreds of customized letters to verified addresses in one go with PostGrid's API.
USPS Mail in the U.S
You can send mail in the U.S. by visiting your local post office, where employees will help you determine the correct postage and calculate the shipping rate. They'll also inform you about any restrictions on items you can send.
The postal workers will tell you if there are any restrictions on the items you can send, such as fruits and vegetables. This is done to prevent the introduction of any disease or pest in the country.
To choose a shipping method, you can consider the delivery time you need. For example, if you want to send a letter to a client in the USA from Canada, you can choose from various shipping options offered by Canada Post, such as Xpresspost, Expedited Parcel, Tracked Packet, or Small Packet.
The prices for shipping will depend on the weight and size of the package containing the letters. The sooner a shipping method delivers the letter, the higher it will charge.
You can opt for additional services like tracking, certified mail, or registered mail for proof of delivery. With certified mail service, you'll receive a trackable number and the recipient's signature when the letter is delivered.
International Mail

The United Postal Union (UPU) manages international mail, coordinating services among 192 member countries to standardize delivery.
Established in 1874, the UPU created policies and uniform postal rates to ensure equal treatment for domestic and foreign mail.
Before the UPU, countries relied on bilateral treaties to decide postage rates, often assuming equal mail volume between nations.
The UPU introduced terminal dues in 1969, requiring countries to pay a fee for delivering international mail, based on the weight and volume of packages.
These dues are settled quarterly and are meant to cover the cost of delivery to the destination country.
In the USA, mail is considered late if it's delivered beyond 1 to 5 business days, depending on the shipping method.
Sending a letter internationally requires a higher postage rate than domestic mail, as there's a higher cost associated with delivering it overseas.
Mailing vs Shipping
Mailing and shipping are two distinct services offered by USPS, with mailing referring to sending letters and postcards weighing up to 1 ounce.
You can send a letter using a stamp, but shipping requires a proper amount of postage on a shipping label.
Shipping labels come with full tracking numbers, which First-Class mail service doesn't provide.
For small packages, you'll need to buy a shipping label to ensure they reach their destination safely and efficiently.
First-Class mail service is limited to sending letters and postcards, but shipping allows for sending goods inside a parcel or bubble mailer.
Sending Mail
Sending mail can be a bit confusing, especially when it comes to the difference between mailing and shipping. Mailing has to do with sending letters and postcards around 1 ounce, while shipping refers to sending goods inside of a parcel or bubble mailer.
You can send a letter using a stamp, but you can only ship parcels by buying the proper amount of postage on a shipping label. Shipping labels also come with full tracking numbers, which First-Class mail service doesn’t provide.

One Forever Stamp covers the postage amount for a 1-ounce letter, so if your letter weighs more than one ounce, you’ll need to pay for “Additional Ounce” stamps on top of your Forever stamp. Your letter can weigh up to three ounces before USPS requires you to ship your envelope instead of mailing it.
If you need to send a letter overseas, one regular Forever stamp for First-Class Mail won’t cut it. USPS requires a higher amount of postage for international letters, since there is a higher cost associated with delivering those letters.
Here are the postage options for sending a letter:
- First-Class Mail: up to 1 ounce
- Additional Ounce: for weights over 1 ounce
- International First-Class Postage: for international letters
Mail Formatting and Tracking
Regular First-Class Mail doesn't come with a tracking number, but there's a way to track your letter if you need to.
You can purchase Certified Mail at any Post Office, which allows you to track your certified letters like packages by typing a unique tracking number into the tracking portal on the USPS website.
This service comes with an additional cost on top of your regular postage, but it's worth it if you need to keep tabs on your letter.
Properly Formatting Addresses

When writing a letter, it's essential to include two addresses: your return address and the recipient's address. Your return address should be in the top left corner of the envelope.
To format your addresses correctly, start with the name on the first line, followed by the street address on the second line. You can see an example of this formatting in the illustration below.
- John Doe
- 101 Main Street
- Everytown, USA
- 12345
The city, state, and ZIP code should be on the third and fourth lines, respectively. Make sure to include the state abbreviation, such as "USA", to indicate the country.
Tracking Mail After Sending
If you're wondering how to track your mail after sending, the good news is that it's easier than you think. You can purchase Certified Mail service at any Post Office for a fee on top of your regular postage cost.
Unfortunately, regular First-Class Mail doesn't come with a tracking number. But with Certified Mail, you can track your letters the same way you do your packages by typing a unique tracking number into the tracking portal on the USPS website.
You can purchase Certified Mail service at any Post Office, making it a convenient option for those who need to track their mail.
Large Mailpieces
Large mailpieces can be a bit tricky to navigate, but don't worry, I've got the scoop.
Large envelopes (flats) start at $1.50, making them a bit pricier than standard envelopes.
If your letter exceeds the standard envelope maximum length, height, or thickness, you'll be charged large envelope (flat) prices.
This means you'll pay the higher rate for large envelopes, which starts at $1.50.
Here's a quick rundown of the pricing:
So, be mindful of those dimensions when sending your mail, and you'll save yourself some cash.
Sending with Forever Stamp
You can send a 1-ounce letter with just one Forever stamp.
One Forever stamp covers the postage amount for a 1-ounce letter.
Your letter can weigh up to three ounces before you need to pay for Additional Ounce stamps on top of your Forever stamp.
If your letter weighs more than one ounce, you'll need to pay for Additional Ounce stamps.
You can mail your envelope if it weighs up to three ounces, but you'll need to ship it if it's heavier.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will the US mail run on Jan 2?
Yes, regular mail services will resume on Thursday, January 2, 2025, after the New Year's Day holiday. Normal delivery and collection schedules will be back in effect on this day.
Are postage stamps going up to 73 cents?
Yes, postage stamps increased to 73 cents in July 2024, following a previous increase to 68 cents in January 2024
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