
In Canada, an Importer of Record (IOR) is a crucial concept for businesses importing goods. The IOR is responsible for ensuring compliance with all regulations and laws.
The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) requires an IOR to be designated for every importation. An IOR can be a company, individual, or even a freight forwarder.
To become an IOR, a business must obtain a Business Number from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). This number is essential for filing customs documents and paying duties.
An IOR must also have a valid Goods and Services Tax (GST) account, as they will be responsible for collecting and remitting GST on imported goods.
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Preparation
Before you start working with an Importer of Record in Canada, it's essential to prepare thoroughly. This involves understanding the requirements and regulations that govern the importation of goods into the country.
To comply with Canadian regulations, you'll need to register with the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) and obtain an import permit for certain goods. This includes items like food, plants, and animals that are subject to specific regulations.
In Canada, the importer of record is responsible for ensuring compliance with all relevant regulations, including those related to customs, tax, and safety. This includes classifying goods correctly and paying the correct duties and taxes.
By preparing ahead of time, you can avoid costly delays and fines, and ensure a smooth importation process.
Obtain Business ID
To obtain a Business ID, you'll need to acquire a Business Number from the Canada Revenue Agency. This is required for importing business goods into Canada on an individual basis.
A Business Number is necessary for opening accounts for both import and export purposes.
How to Choose
Choosing the right Importer of Record (IOR) is crucial for a smooth import process. It's essential to choose an IOR with experience and expertise in the specific country and industry that your business is importing from.
A good IOR should have a proven track record of successfully navigating the import process. Look for an IOR that has experience working with customs authorities in the relevant country.
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Reputation is also key when selecting an IOR. Choose an IOR with a good reputation for reliability and professionalism, and check for reviews and testimonials from other businesses that have used their services.
The services offered by the IOR are also important to consider. Make sure they offer the specific services your business needs, such as assistance with obtaining import licenses or permits, depending on your industry.
Shipping and Identification
To ship goods to Canada, you must provide a wealth of information about the items you're importing. This includes samples and product composition details to determine the product's duty.
You'll need to convey all this information to the Importer of Record (IOR) service you're using for Canada. This is crucial for obtaining a quote and the relevant tariffs.
The IOR service will help facilitate the process, making it easier to navigate the complex import regulations in Canada.
Identification of Shipping Goods
When importing goods into Canada, you need to provide as much information as possible about the items you're shipping. This includes details about the product's composition and samples.
To determine the product's duty, numerous details about the product are needed. You can provide these details to an Importer of Record IOR service for Canada.
You'll need to send all this data when importing using an Importer of Record IOR service for Canada. This facilitates obtaining the quote and relevant tariffs.
Many details about the product are needed to determine its duty. This includes information about the product's composition and samples.
You can use an Importer of Record (IOR) in Canada for this purpose or import commercial items into Canada on your own.
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Medical Device Import Agent Service
Having a Medical Device Import Agent can be a lifesaver when shipping medical devices to Canada. They reside in Canada and assist with communicating with Health Canada.
These agents respond to Health Canada's questions regarding devices to be imported or already imported into Canada. They also undertake mandatory inspections and meet all regulatory requirements related to medical device importation and sales in Canada.
As an Importer, you're legally responsible for the importing of medical devices in Canada, and this can be a heavy burden. All Importers should make sure that all medical devices being transported to Canada are compliant with all regulations.
The costs of non-compliance can be massive, in terms of monetary losses and damages to your reputation. Save yourself the heavy cost of yearly licensing/compliance, and regulatory requirements – to import your devices stress-free!
CBSA Regulations
To navigate CBSA regulations, it's essential to understand that commercial items imported into Canada must pass a scrutiny process to see if they have any restrictions or rules associated with them.
Commercial items are examined for restrictions, rules, or permits by the Canada Border Service Agency, or any other department of the government of Canada.
An expert Importer of Record (IOR) services for Canada can inform you in advance if there are any restricted items on your list of shipments.
To determine the correct tariff classification number, you must determine the item's correct classification number, which is a 10-digit number that, along with the item's country of origin, determines the tariff that applies to it.
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Examining CBSA Restrictions

Commercial items imported into Canada must pass a scrutiny process to ensure compliance with Canada Border Service Agency restrictions.
This process involves examining the items to see if they fall under any restricted categories or require special permits.
The Canada Border Service Agency works closely with other government departments to enforce regulations.
Commercial shipments may be delayed if they contain restricted items.
An expert importer of record can help identify restricted items in advance, making the importation process smoother.
Determination of 10-Digit Class Number
Determination of 10-Digit Class Number is a crucial step in importing items into Canada. You can determine the correct classification number by consulting the CBSA trade office.
To get the correct classification number, you need to know the item's country of origin. This information will help you understand what tariff applies to it.
The CBSA trade office can guide you through the process of determining the 10-digit tariff classification number. They will help you understand the process and provide you with the necessary information.
Consulting a good Importer of Record (IOR) service for Canada can also be helpful in understanding the 10-digit tariff classification number. They can provide you with guidance and support throughout the process.
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Consequences of Non-Compliance with CBSA Documentation
Failing to provide records for imported goods when requested can lead to an Administrative Monetary Penalty (AMPS).
The penalty is an escalating one, starting at $600 for the first contravention, $1,200 for the second, and $2,400 for the third and all subsequent requests.
Importers who don't comply with CBSA record-keeping responsibilities can face these penalties.
Our Trade Advisors at PCB can assist importers with meeting their CBSA record-keeping responsibilities.
Jan Brock, a Senior Trade Advisor, has extensive experience with CBSA, having served over 37 years, including as a Superintendent and Chief of Operations.
If an importer fails to pay applicable taxes and duties, they'll be held liable for the payment.
The tariff, value, and origin of commodities determine the rate of duty.
Importers are responsible for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of import declarations, and they'll be liable if there are any errors.
By understanding the consequences of non-compliance, importers can take steps to avoid these penalties and ensure a smooth import process.
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Canadian Food Importation
To import food to Canada, your manufacturer must meet food safety standards, which means they need to have a PCP or HACCP.
Our Canadian Food Importation Service can help with this process, and we have a tiered fee structure based on the level of compliance and certification related to a food safety plan.
We randomly ask for documentation throughout the year to ensure your manufacturer is complying with these standards.
Our focus is on importing lower-risk foods, so we're not currently acting as importers for fresh or frozen meats, fresh vegetables, and foods in glass packaging.
We can also help with some frozen food product requests.
Natural Health Products
Natural Health Products fall under Schedule 1 of the Natural Health Products Regulations, which means they must meet specific requirements.
To import Natural Health Products, you'll need to obtain a Natural Product Number (NPN) if you're a commercial importer. This number is a must-have for commercial importers.
The NPN license holder must have a business location in Canada, which is a key requirement for importing Natural Health Products.
To ensure quality assurance, a Health Canada authorized importer must perform activities such as product release, stability data reporting, and adverse event reporting if required.
Here are the key requirements for importing Natural Health Products:
- NHPs must meet the requirements of the Food and Drugs Act, including licensing, labeling, and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
- Obtaining a Natural Product Number (NPN) is a must for commercial importers of NHPs
- The NPN license holder must have a business location in Canada
- A Health Canada authorized importer should ensure quality assurance activities with the potency, identity, and purity of the health product
- Key activities performed by the importer include product release, stability data reporting, and if required, adverse event reporting
Reporting and Compliance
You can use an Importer of Record (IOR) in Canada to report your goods, or import commercial items on your own. Every item that is imported needs to be reported to the CBSA.
Skilled Importers of Record record shipments to the CBSA using bar-coded cargo control documents or Electronic Data Interchange. They can handle all aspects of the importation process, from filing for tax refunds to obtaining custom preapproval.
With the expertise of any experienced Importer of Record service for Canada, you don’t have to take care of all these steps. They can take care of every step of the importing process, including custom pre-approval and tax refund filing.
Obtain Business Number
To import business goods into Canada on an individual basis, you'll need to acquire a Business Number. The Canada Revenue Agency issues it for opening accounts for both import and export.
A Business Number is required if you want to import commercial goods into Canada in an individual capacity. It's issued by the Canada Revenue Agency for opening both import and export accounts.
The Business Number serves as a unique identifier for your business, making it essential for various government interactions.
Core Customs Self Assessment Responsibilities
As an importer, you'll want to know what's expected of you in terms of customs self-assessment responsibilities. CSA Importers have additional record-keeping responsibilities.
To fulfill these responsibilities, you'll need to keep records of the description and quantity of goods, as well as records related to the shipment of the goods. This includes accounting records for the goods, vendors and consignees, and records of payment for duties and taxes.
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You'll also need to keep track of the names and addresses of vendors and consignees, which can be a bit of a challenge if you're dealing with a lot of different suppliers. To make it easier, consider keeping a spreadsheet or database to store this information.
Here are the specific record-keeping responsibilities for CSA Importers:
- Description and quantity of goods
- Records related to the shipment of the goods
- All accounting records for the goods
- Vendors and consignees (names and addresses) for the goods
- Records relating to the payment of duties and taxes on the goods
Non-Resident Requirements
As a non-resident importer, you're required to maintain records in Canada, but you don't have a physical presence here. Non-resident importers usually forward documents to a licensed customs broker who prepares accounting documents on their behalf.
These records must include information about the purchase, importation, costs, value, and payment for the goods. You're also required to keep records of the sale or disposal of the goods in Canada.
Non-resident importers can designate a customs broker, accountant, or other authorized agent to maintain their records in Canada. The CBSA will only authorize this designation when you submit a request in writing for review and approval.
You must identify the business address where the records will be maintained and how the location relates to you. This can be the accountant's office, customs broker office, or another authorized location.
If you're authorized to maintain records outside of Canada, you should forward a copy of that authorization to Willson International Ltd. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact our Canadian regulatory group.
What is an Importer?
An Importer of Record (IOR) is a third-party service provider that takes on the responsibility of ensuring compliance with all import regulations and documentation requirements.
An IOR can be an individual or a company that is registered with customs authorities in the country of import.
They are responsible for ensuring that all necessary documentation is in order, including import licenses, permits, and certificates of origin.
IORs handle customs clearance and payment of tariffs and taxes on behalf of the importer.
An IOR takes on the role of the official importer, assuming all legal obligations associated with the import process.
This requires a deep knowledge of the importation process, including the necessary documentation, licensing requirements, and product classifications.
Importers of record are responsible for managing all aspects of customs clearance, including accurately completing import declarations and coordinating with customs authorities.
They must stay updated with changes in import regulations and ensure that their processes and documentation align with the latest requirements.
An IOR plays a vital role in ensuring the safety and quality of imported goods, as they are responsible for adhering to all relevant standards and regulations.
Benefits and Services
Using an Importer of Record in Canada can bring numerous benefits to your business, including increased compliance with applicable laws and regulations. This can lead to reduced risk of customs clearance delays and improved cost management and predictability.
An Importer of Record can also offer a range of services customized to meet the specific needs of your business, such as conducting product disposition of your goods and managing regulatory requirements. They can also help you identify opportunities to minimize costs and ensure you're paying the correct tariffs and taxes.
One of the key services an Importer of Record provides is handling all necessary import documentation, including import licenses, permits, and certificates of origin. This can be a huge time-saver and reduce the risk of errors or delays in the import process.
Benefits of Using

Using an Importer of Record (IOR) can significantly benefit your business. By utilizing an IOR, companies can increase compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
Reducing the risk of customs clearance delays is a major advantage. An IOR can help you navigate the complex process and ensure a smooth transition.
Improved cost management and predictability are also key benefits. With an IOR, you can take advantage of opportunities presented by foreign markets, such as reduced tariffs or duty costs.
Increased efficiency in the international shipping process is another perk. An IOR can offer customized services to meet the specific needs of your business, making it easier to manage your operations.
Expertise and experienced professionals are at your disposal with an IOR. They can help you conduct product disposition, manage regulatory requirements, and monitor supplier performance.
Meeting Health Canada quality standards and obligations is a breeze with an IOR. They can ensure you're in compliance and help you navigate any issues that may arise.
Services
We handle all aspects of imports, from compliance with regulations to customs clearance. This ensures that your goods arrive on time and without any issues.
Our Importer of Record Services includes ensuring compliance with all import regulations and documentation requirements. This means you don't have to worry about navigating complex rules and paperwork.
We identify opportunities to minimize costs and ensure businesses are paying the correct tariffs and taxes. This can lead to significant savings and reduced financial stress.
Handling customs clearance is a critical part of our services. We ensure that goods are cleared quickly and efficiently, so you can get them to market as soon as possible.
We handle all necessary import documentation, including import licenses, permits, and certificates of origin. This means you can focus on your business, not paperwork.
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Challenges and Fundamentals
As an importer of record in Canada, you'll face several challenges that can impact the success of your business. One common challenge is staying updated with changes in import regulations and trade laws.
Import requirements can vary from country to country and are subject to frequent updates. This can be overwhelming, especially for businesses that are new to international trade.
Dealing with suppliers and customs authorities in different countries can be challenging due to language and cultural barriers. An IOR can help bridge these gaps by providing local expertise and language support.
Complying with regulations can be complex, and businesses may struggle to ensure they're meeting all the necessary requirements. An IOR can help ensure compliance with all relevant regulations and documentation requirements.
Responsibilities Of End-Use
As an end-use importer, you're part of a special program that allows you to import goods duty-free or at a reduced rate. This is based on how the goods will be used.
To qualify for this program, you must provide records of how the goods were actually used. This includes the name, address, and occupation of the user.
If you use the goods differently than initially stated at importation, you'll need to keep records of the applicable duty and taxes paid. This ensures you're in compliance with the program's requirements.
Here's a summary of your responsibilities as an end-use importer:
- Record how the goods imported were actually used.
- Include the name, address, and occupation of the user.
- Keep records of applicable duty and taxes if the goods are used differently than stated.
Sensitive Data Storage Locations

Records need to be kept at the importer's place of business, but they can also be kept at a separate location with CBSA authorization.
Importers can request to keep records at a different location from their business address, and this request must be in writing and authorized by CBSA.
Non-resident importers without a Canadian address can request an agent to maintain their records in Canada, often through their customs broker.
Importers who don't keep records in the required place and for the required time may face a $25,000 fine per audit, and the retention period is 36 months.
Record keeping is a legal requirement for all importers, regardless of who keeps their records.
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NHP Importing Fundamentals
As you navigate the complex world of NHP importing, it's essential to understand the fundamentals. You'll need to keep your import record for six years, as it can be audited by customs at any point during this time.
You'll be acting as the 'Importer of Record', making you liable for the accuracy and completeness of the import declaration. This means you'll need to ensure all information is correct and up-to-date.
To determine the rate of duty, you'll need to consider the tariff, value, and origin of the commodities being imported. This will help you calculate the applicable taxes and duties in Canada.
At the port of entry, you'll need to present certain import documentation to the border services. This is a crucial step in the importing process.
The import is subject to inspection, customs review, and audit prior to or after the importation. The Government of Canada may also levy extra fees for these services.
Here are the key points to keep in mind:
- Tax and duty must be paid upon importation into Canada
- The tariff, value, and origin of commodities being imported determine the rate of duty
- At the port of entry, certain import documentation needs to be presented to the border services.
- The import is subject to inspection, customs review, and audit prior to or after the importation.
- The Government of Canada may levy extra fees for these services.
Common Challenges
Importing goods from other countries can be a complex and challenging process. Importers of record must navigate various regulations, laws, and cultural differences to ensure a smooth transit of goods.

Language and cultural barriers can be a significant challenge, especially when dealing with suppliers and customs authorities in different countries. Importers of record can help bridge these gaps by providing local expertise and language support.
Compliance with regulations can be complex, especially for businesses new to international trade. Importers of record can help ensure compliance with all relevant regulations and documentation requirements.
Navigating the complex tariff and tax landscape can be challenging, and businesses may miss opportunities to optimize their costs. Importers of record can help identify opportunities to minimize costs and ensure that businesses are paying the correct tariffs and taxes.
Logistical challenges, such as transportation delays or supply chain disruptions, can impact the import process. Importers of record must effectively coordinate with various stakeholders, including customs authorities, freight forwarders, and other service providers, to ensure the smooth transit of goods.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Who qualifies as an importer of record?
The Importer of Record is typically the owner or purchaser of goods, or a licensed Customs broker designated by them. This can include a nominal consignee who appoints a Customs broker to make entry on their behalf.
Sources
- https://almshipping.com/importer-of-record-ior-services-in-canada-a-quick-trade-guide/
- https://iorservice.com/blog/importer-of-record-ior-canada/
- https://www.pcb.ca/post/faq-about-importer-record-keeping-responsibilities-in-canada
- https://www.willsonintl.com/archives/news/non-resident-importer-recordkeeping-requirements-canada
- https://qualitysmartsolutions.com/importer-of-record/
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